Heart
Heart Sounds Introduction
Pediatrics: When To Refer
Heart Murmur
Normal Heart Sounds
First Heart Sounds
Second Heart Sounds
Extra Heart Sounds (S3 & S4)
Systolic Murmurs
Diastolic Murmurs
Complex Conditions
Congenital Abnormalities
Cardiac Conditions Assoc. with Sudden Death
Heart Sounds in Primary Care
Auscultation Repetition Training
Heart Sounds Guide
Lungs
Lung Sounds Introduction
Basic Lung Sounds
Intermediate Lung Sounds
Lung Sounds Guide
Intro To Lung Sounds
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Taking Blood Pressure
Measuring Blood Pressure Procedure
Adult Case Studies Part I
Adult Case Studies Part II
High Blood Pressure in Children
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Heart Sounds Guide
Lung Sounds Guide
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Congenital Abnormalities
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
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This is an example of patent ductus arteriosus heard at the pulmonic position.
Before birth, the two major arteries—the aorta and the pulmonary artery—are connected by a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus.
Shortly after birth the patent ductus closes and turns into a ligament. However, in certain abnormal circumstances the patent ductus remains open allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary artery causing a strain on the right ventricle.
The first heart sound is normal. The second heart sound is obscured by a continuous crescendo-decrescendo murmur which runs from the beginning of systole to the end of diastole peaking at the second heart sound.
In the anatomy tab you can see an enlarged left atrium and left ventricle and turbulent blood flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery through the patent ductus.
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The recommended auscultation position for the stethoscope is the
Pulmonic
position. For this sound, use stethoscope's
Diaphragm
.
The recommended patient position is
Supine
Phonocardiogram
This waveform plots sound amplitude on the vertical axis against time on the horizontal axis.
Heart Animation
Lessons
Coarctation of the Aorta
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Atrial Septal Defect
Ventricular Septal Defect
Tetralogy of Fallot
Ebstein's Anomaly
Practice Drill
Listening Tips
A synopsis of important sound features and timing for this abnormality.
Systole:
Crescendo-decrescendo murmur, peaking late systole.
S2:
Obscured.
Diastole:
Crescendo-decrescendo murmur continuing from systole.
CaseID
109
CourseID
29
CourseCaseOrder
2
ID
99