Mitral Stenosis (Diastolic Murmur) C31 | #125
This is an example of a diastolic decrescendo murmur occurring after an opening snap. It is associated with mitral stenosis. The first heart sound is increased in intensity while the second heart sound is normal. An opening snap is present after the second heart sound. The low-pitched rumbling murmur starts after the opening snap and lasts until mid-diastole. On the anatomy video you can see an enlarged left atrium and thickened but mobile mitral leaflets. Turbulent blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle is responsible for the murmur.Auscultation Sounds
Position
The patient's position should be supine.
Listening Tips
S1:Increased intensityDiastole:Opening snap followed by diamond shaped, low-pitch murmur
Waveform (Phonocardiogram)
Observe Cardiac Animation
Authors and Sources
Authors and Reviewers
- EKG heart rhythm modules: Thomas O'Brien.
- EKG monitor simulation developer: Steve Collmann
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12 Lead Course: Dr. Michael Mazzini, MD.
- Spanish language EKG: Breena R. Taira, MD, MPH
- Medical review: Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD
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Heart sounds and mentorship: W. Proctor Harvey, MD
- Medical review: Dr. Pedro Azevedo, MD, Cardiology
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Last Update: 1/8/2023
Sources
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Electrocardiography for Healthcare Professionals, 5th Edition
Kathryn Booth and Thomas O'Brien
ISBN10: 1260064778, ISBN13: 9781260064773
McGraw Hill, 2019 -
Rapid Interpretation of EKG's, Sixth Edition
Dale Dublin
Cover Publishing Company -
12 Lead EKG for Nurses: Simple Steps to Interpret Rhythms, Arrhythmias, Blocks, Hypertrophy, Infarcts, & Cardiac Drugs
Aaron Reed
Create Space Independent Publishing -
Heart Sounds and Murmurs: A Practical Guide with Audio CD-ROM 3rd Edition
Elsevier-Health Sciences Division
Barbara A. Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN - Clinical Heart Disease
W Proctor Harvey, MD
Clinical Heart Disease
Laennec Publishing; 1st edition (January 1, 2009) -
The Virtual Cardiac Patient: A Multimedia Guide to Heart Sounds, Murmurs, EKG
Jonathan Keroes, David Lieberman
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkin)
ISBN-10: 0781784425; ISBN-13: 978-0781784429 - Project Semilla, UCLA Emergency Medicine, EKG Training Breena R. Taira, MD, MPH
Mitral Stenosis (Diastolic Murmur) C31 | #125
