Complex Conditions

Acute Pericarditis

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This is an example of acute pericarditis as auscultated at Erb's Point.

Murmurs are caused by turbulent blood flow across incompetent or stenonic valves. In contrast, a pericardial friction rub is caused by the rubbing together of two surfaces of the pericardial sack.

The pericardial friction rub has three parts; a systolic component, an early diastolic component and a late diastolic component.

The first and second heart sounds are obscured by the rubbing sounds.

In the anatomy tab you can see the yellow fluid accumulation around the heart caused by an inflamed pericardial sack.

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The recommended auscultation position for the stethoscope is the Erbs-Point position. For this sound, use stethoscope's Diaphragm.

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The recommended patient position is Sitting leaning forward

Phonocardiogram

This waveform plots sound amplitude on the vertical axis against time on the horizontal axis.

Heart Animation

Lessons

Mitral Regurgitation - Severe
Tricuspid Regurgitation - Severe
Mitral Stenosis Severe and Regurgitation Mild - Rheumatic Origin
Aortic Stenosis Moderate and Regurgitation Mild - Rheumatic Origin
Mitral Regurgitation and Aortic Regurgitation
Acute Pericarditis

Practice Drill

Listening Tips
A synopsis of important sound features and timing for this abnormality.
S1: Rubbing, scratchy sound.
Systole: Rubbing, scratchy sound, usually loudest during systole.
S2: Rubbing, scratchy sound.
Diastole: Rubbing, scratchy sound.

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